Clinical significance of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa interacting protein 3 in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD).@*Methods@#Ninety children with HFMD were classified into three groups with 30 in each group: critical group (clinical stage 3), severe group (clinical stage 2) and common group (clinical stage 1, excluding encephalitis with CSF and other examinations). Another thirty healthy children were randomly selected as the control group. The levels of BNIP3 in serum and CSF were detected before and after treatment. Moreover, serum neuro-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B protein were also measured to analyze their correlation with BNIP3. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prediction efficiency of BNIP3 for the severity of HFMD.@*Results@#The levels of serum BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE in the critical group were higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.01). CSF BNIP3 level in the critical group were significantly higher than that in the common and severe groups (P<0.01). Serum BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE were significantly higher in the severe group than in common and control groups (P<0.01). CSF BNIP3 was significantly increased in the severe group as compared with that in the common group (P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE in serum and BNIP3 in CSF were decreased in both critical and severe groups (P<0.01). The levels of BNIP3 in serum and CSF were positively correlated with the level of S100B protein and NSE (P<0.01). Serum BNIP3 had the highest Youden value at the cut-off value of 3.015 μg/L, with a sensitivity of 83.33% and a specificity of 90.00%, in the prediction of severe HFMD. CSF BNIP3 had the highest Youden value at the cut-off value of 1.735 μg/L, with a sensitivity of 73.33% and a specificity of 93.33%, in the prediction of severe HFMD.@*Conclusions@#BNIP3 is involved in the pathological process of brain injury in children with severe HFMD. Detection of BNIP3 helps evaluate the severity and prognosis of HFMD.

Clinical significance of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa interacting protein 3 in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). Methods Ninety children with HFMD were classified into three groups with 30 in each group:critical group (clinical stage 3), severe group (clinical stage 2) and common group (clinical stage 1, excluding encephalitis with CSF and other examinations). Another thirty healthy children were randomly selected as the control group. The levels of BNIP3 in serum and CSF were detected before and after treatment. Moreover, serum neuro-specific enolase ( NSE) and S100B protein were also measured to analyze their correlation with BNIP3. Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prediction efficiency of BNIP3 for the severity of HFMD. Results The levels of serum BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE in the critical group were higher than those in the other three groups ( P<0. 01). CSF BNIP3 level in the critical group were significantly higher than that in the common and severe groups (P<0. 01). Serum BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE were significantly higher in the severe group than in common and control groups (P<0. 01). CSF BNIP3 was significantly increased in the severe group as compared with that in the common group (P<0. 01). After treatment, the levels of BNIP3, S100B protein and NSE in serum and BNIP3 in CSF were decreased in both critical and severe groups (P<0. 01). The lev-els of BNIP3 in serum and CSF were positively correlated with the level of S100B protein and NSE ( P<0. 01). Serum BNIP3 had the highest Youden value at the cut-off value of 3. 015μg/L, with a sensitivity of 83. 33％ and a specificity of 90. 00％, in the prediction of severe HFMD. CSF BNIP3 had the highest Youden value at the cut-off value of 1. 735 μg/L, with a sensitivity of 73. 33％ and a specificity of 93.33％, in the prediction of severe HFMD. Conclusions BNIP3 is involved in the pathological process of brain injury in children with severe HFMD. Detection of BNIP3 helps evaluate the severity and prognosis of HFMD.

The risk factors of prognosis in the children patients with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction and ;prevention measures / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the risk factors influencing the prognosis in the children patients with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction and to seek their therapeutic measures. Methods The clinical data of 125 cases patients with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors possibly influencing the prognosis were analyzed by multivariate statistical Logistic analysis. Results Among 125 children patients, 61 cases died, and the mortality rate was 48.8%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that poor circulation, cardiovascular system failure, hepatic failure, brain failure were significant risk factors of death associated with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction. (OR = 4.156, 3.330, 6.903, P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusions Poor circulation, cardiovascular system failure, hepatic failure and brain failure are significant risk factors of death associated with acute gastrointestinal dysfunction.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the effects of duloxetine on P-gp function.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of duloxetine (DLX) on the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function in vitro and in vivo. METHOD: In vitro experiment was conducted using the Caco-2 cell, a human colon cancer cell line that naturally expresses the P-gp and P-gp function was evaluated by monitoring whether DLX affect the accumulation of Rhd123. In vivo study was conducted by quantitating the effect of orally administered DLX on the bioavailability of talinolol. RESULTS: In the in vitro study, incubation of Caco-2 cell with DLX caused a concentration-dependent increase in the accumulation of Rhd123. In the in vivo study, co-administration of DLX increased the bioavailability of talinolol. The ratio (90% confidence intervals) of AUC(0-60), AUC(0-∞), and C(max) (talinolol alone versus talinolol plus DLX) were 0.87(0.77-1.06), 0.85(0.74-1.01), 0.87 (0.68-1.12). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that DLX could inhibit the function of P-gp in vitro and in vivo, and caution should be exercised when DLX is to be co-administered with drugs that are P-gp substrate.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of adjuvant therapy for operable breast cancer from a Chinese perspective: doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide versus docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide.

An oncology trial compared four cycles of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) with four cycles of docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TC) in operable breast cancer patients (71% were diagnosed with hormone receptor positive and 48% with node-negative breast cancer). The objective of this study was to estimate the lifetime cost effectiveness of AC versus TC, from a Chinese healthcare provider perspective, based on a clinical trial. A lifetime cost-effectiveness analysis was performed using a Markov model. Events rates and utilities in the Markov model were derived from published papers. Data on cost of breast cancer care were obtained from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, PR China. One-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were undertaken. Cost estimates were valued in Chinese yuan (Y), year 2008 values. All costs and outcomes were discounted at 3% per annum. Patients receiving TC gained 14.45 QALYs, 0.41 QALYs more than patients receiving AC. The lifetime costs of patients receiving TC were Y93 511, Y10 116 more than that of AC patients. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were Y26 742 per life-year gained ( pound 2719.8 per year) and Y24 305 per QALY gained ( pound2471.9 per QALY). The most sensitive parameter in the model was the cost of primary cancer treatments in the TC arm. At a threshold willingness to pay of Y86 514 per QALY, the probability of TC being cost effective was 90%. Our model suggests that TC may be considered cost effective from a Chinese healthcare provider perspective, according to the threshold defined by the WHO.

Expression and postmortem stability of HSP70 in hippocampus of hemorrhagic shock rat / 重庆医科大学学报

Objective:To investigate the expression and postmortem stability of HSP70 in hippocampus of hemorrhagic shock rat.Methods:105 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal group,sham operation group,hemorrhagic shock group,traumatic control group and postmortem stability group.In hemorrhagic shock group and postmortem stability group,rats were submitted by controlled bleeding,with the mean arterial pressure kept around 40mmHg.And in traumatic group,brain contusion was induced by piston impact.After that,the regulation of HSP70 expression in hippocampus of each group was detected by immunohistochemistry technique,and evaluated with image analysis technique and statistic system.Results:One hour after hemorrhagic shock,HSP70 expression in hippocampus was significantly higher in each shock subgroups compared with that in normal group and sham group(P0.05).Conclusion:HSP70 is specifically expressed in hippocampus of hemorrhagic shock rat,and showed nice postmortem stability under the environment of -20℃.

A Review of the Method of Performing Pharmacoeconomics Evaluation Using Markov Model and Analysis of Overseas Cases / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To fathom the overseas research method for the evaluation of pharmacoeconomics and to improve the development of pharmacoeconomics in China and provide scientific bases for clinical rational use of medicine.METHODS:The research paper abroad introducing the latest therapeutic scheme for breast cancer was taken as an example to expound the method of applying Markov model in the evaluation of pharmacoeconomics.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Drawing useful experience from abroad about the analytical method and using decision analytic model for the study of pharmacoeconomics are conducive to the development of pharmacoeconomics in China.

Microbicidal Potential of Three Kinds of Iodophor Thinners / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To optimize kind of safe and effective iodophor thinner.METHODS:Iodophor solutions in several different solvents were made and diluted 5,10 and 20 times,respectively.Then their microbicidal potentials on 3 standard strains were monitored.RESULTS:The standard strains were all killed within 5 min by iodophor solution in normal sodium or by low multiple diluted iodophor solution in distilled water;however,there were a few Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa still alive within 5 min in high multiple diluted iodophor solution in distilled water.Iodophor solution in tap water failed to kill all the standard strains,especially the Pseudomonas aeruginosa.CONCLUSION:Normal saline solution and distilled water have been proved to be the ideal iodophor thinners.